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# The Downfall of King Charles I
- URL: https://www.historywithmadeleine.com/the-downfall-of-king-charles-i-sources/
- Published: 2026-03-02T22:02:00.000Z
- Updated: 2026-09-01T17:11:47.000Z
- Description: Van Dyck portraits, Parliamentary records, and the last royal arrest before Prince Andrew
- Author: Madeleine Mermall
- Tags: King Charles I, Kings & Queens of England, English History, Research, Image Sources, Videos, Monarchy

When Prince Andrew was formally arrested in February 2026, I immediately thought of the last royal to be taken into custody: King Charles I, in 1647.

For Andrew, the arrest led to a quiet exit from public life. For Charles, it led to a civil war, the rise of a republic, and the end of his reign, and his life, on a scaffold outside the palace.

### **Image sources:**

**By order of appearance**

Daniel Mytens I, *Charles I,* 1633, oil on canvas, St. Louis Museum of Art

Anthony Van Dyke, *Charles I and Henrietta Maria with their two eldest children, Prince Charles and Princess Mary*, 1632, oil on canvas, The Royal Collection, Windsor Castle

Anthony Van Dyke*, Portrait of Charles I and Queen Henrietta Maria*, 1632, oil on canvas, Archbishop’s Castle and Gardens, Kroměříž

Anthony van Dyck*, Charles I with M. de St. Antoine*, 1633, oil on canvas, Queen’s Gallery, Windsor Castle

Rogers Herbert*, Assertion of Liberty of Conscience by the Independents of the Westminster Assembly of Divines, 1644*, 1847, oil on canvas, Westminster Palace  
Image credit: Parliamentary Art Collection

Anthony Van Dyke, *Charles I in Three Positions*, 1635-36, oil on canvas, Palace of Holyroodhouse. Image credit: The Royal Collection

Wenceslaus Hollar*, Tower of London*, 1625-77Etching, second state of two, The Metropolitan Museum of Art

John Seymour Lucas*, The Flight of the Five Members, 1642*, 1915, oil on canvas, Parliamentary Art Collection, Westminster Palace

Ladislaus Bakalowicz*, Judgement of Charles I, 1650*, 1885, oil on canvas, Private Collection

Ernest Crofts*, Charles I on his way to execution,* 1891, oil on canvas, Towneley Hall Art Gallery & Museum 

Unknown artist, *The Execution of Charles I of England*, 1649, oil on canvas, Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh

Benjamin West*, Oliver Cromwell Dissolving the Long Parliament*, 1782, oil on canvas, Montclair Art Museum, New Jersey.